重要論述
1958年9月(yue)2日(ri)
毛(mao)澤(ze)(ze)東(dong)在(zai)北戴河會(hui)見巴西(xi)記(ji)者(zhe)馬羅金(jin)和(he)杜特列夫人。他(ta)在(zai)談(tan)話中(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)正了《新民(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)論》中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個觀點(dian),指出(chu):我在(zai)《新民(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)論》中(zhong)(zhong)講到,第二(er)次世界大(da)戰以(yi)后(hou)(hou),不(bu)可(ke)能(neng)再出(chu)現基馬爾式的(de)(de)(de)土耳其(qi)那(nei)樣的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia),殖(zhi)民(min)地和(he)半(ban)殖(zhi)民(min)地的(de)(de)(de)資(zi)產階級,要就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)站在(zai)帝(di)國(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)戰線(xian)方(fang)(fang)面,要就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)站在(zai)反帝(di)國(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)戰線(xian)方(fang)(fang)面,沒有(you)其(qi)他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)道路。事實上,這(zhe)種觀點(dian)只適合(he)(he)于(yu)一(yi)部(bu)分國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia),對于(yu)印(yin)度、印(yin)度尼西(xi)亞(ya)、阿(a)拉伯聯合(he)(he)共和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)等(deng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)卻不(bu)適用。它們(men)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)帝(di)國(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia),也不(bu)是(shi)(shi)社會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia),而是(shi)(shi)民(min)族(zu)(zu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)。這(zhe)種民(min)族(zu)(zu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia),站在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)立(li)的(de)(de)(de)立(li)場,不(bu)參加雙方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)集團,這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)適合(he)(he)于(yu)它們(men)現時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況的(de)(de)(de)。民(min)族(zu)(zu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)種中(zhong)(zhong)立(li)也就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種獨(du)立(li)自主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、不(bu)受控制的(de)(de)(de)立(li)場。我們(men)社會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)陣營歡迎這(zhe)些國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)種中(zhong)(zhong)立(li)的(de)(de)(de)立(li)場,因為它有(you)利于(yu)和(he)平事業,不(bu)利于(yu)帝(di)國(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)侵略計(ji)劃和(he)戰爭計(ji)劃。拉丁美洲是(shi)(shi)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)方(fang)(fang),亞(ya)洲、非(fei)洲、拉丁美洲的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia),都(dou)曾經(jing)是(shi)(shi)或者(zhe)仍然是(shi)(shi)帝(di)國(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)方(fang)(fang)和(he)倉庫。現在(zai)后(hou)(hou)方(fang)(fang)造反了,許(xu)多國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)已經(jing)擺脫帝(di)國(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)統(tong)治。可(ke)以(yi)先取(qu)得半(ban)獨(du)立(li)的(de)(de)(de)狀態,然后(hou)(hou)完全獨(du)立(li)。這(zhe)篇談(tan)話收入《毛(mao)澤(ze)(ze)東(dong)文集》第七(qi)卷(juan)。
2015年9月(yue)2日
習近平在中國人民(min)抗(kang)日戰爭勝利70周年紀念章頒(ban)發(fa)儀式上指(zhi)出(chu),實現我們的(de)目標,需要英(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong),需要英(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)精神。我們要銘記(ji)一(yi)切為中華(hua)民(min)族(zu)和中國人民(min)作出(chu)貢獻的(de)英(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)們,崇尚英(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong),捍衛英(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong),學習英(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong),關愛英(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong),戮力(li)同心為實現“兩(liang)個一(yi)百年”奮斗目標、實現中華(hua)民(min)族(zu)偉(wei)大復興的(de)中國夢而(er)努力(li)奮斗。
他指出,在(zai)(zai)(zai)波瀾壯(zhuang)闊的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)人民(min)抗(kang)(kang)日戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong),千(qian)千(qian)萬(wan)萬(wan)的(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)英(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)拋頭(tou)顱(lu)、灑熱血,為戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)勝(sheng)利作(zuo)出了(le)重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)貢獻(xian)(xian),為鑄就偉(wei)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)精(jing)神作(zuo)出了(le)重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)貢獻(xian)(xian)。偉(wei)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)精(jing)神,永遠是(shi)激勵中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)人民(min)克服(fu)一切艱難險阻(zu)、為實現中(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)族(zu)(zu)偉(wei)大(da)復興而(er)(er)奮斗(dou)的(de)(de)(de)強大(da)精(jing)神動力。在(zai)(zai)(zai)抗(kang)(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)英(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)身(shen)上(shang)(shang),充分展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)現了(le)天下興亡、匹(pi)夫有(you)責(ze)的(de)(de)(de)愛國(guo)情懷,面對民(min)族(zu)(zu)生(sheng)死(si)存(cun)亡,全體(ti)同胞挺身(shen)而(er)(er)出,共赴(fu)國(guo)難,譜寫下驚天地、泣鬼神的(de)(de)(de)愛國(guo)主義篇章(zhang)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)抗(kang)(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)英(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)身(shen)上(shang)(shang),充分展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)現了(le)視(shi)死(si)如歸、寧死(si)不屈的(de)(de)(de)民(min)族(zu)(zu)氣節,面對侵(qin)略者的(de)(de)(de)屠刀(dao),中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)人民(min)用血肉之軀筑(zhu)起新的(de)(de)(de)長城,成(cheng)千(qian)上(shang)(shang)萬(wan)的(de)(de)(de)英(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)們在(zai)(zai)(zai)侵(qin)略者的(de)(de)(de)炮火中(zhong)(zhong)奮勇前進(jin),彰(zhang)顯出中(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)族(zu)(zu)威(wei)武(wu)不能屈的(de)(de)(de)浩然正氣。在(zai)(zai)(zai)抗(kang)(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)英(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)身(shen)上(shang)(shang),充分展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)現了(le)不畏強暴、血戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)底的(de)(de)(de)英(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)氣概(gai),面對強敵的(de)(de)(de)一次次入侵(qin),中(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)族(zu)(zu)沒(mei)有(you)屈服(fu),而(er)(er)是(shi)前仆(pu)后繼,頑強抗(kang)(kang)爭(zheng),奏響了(le)無數氣壯(zhuang)山河的(de)(de)(de)英(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)凱歌(ge)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)抗(kang)(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)英(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)雄(xiong)身(shen)上(shang)(shang),充分展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)現了(le)百折不撓、堅忍(ren)不拔的(de)(de)(de)必勝(sheng)信(xin)念(nian),中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)人民(min)抱定(ding)了(le)抗(kang)(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)底的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)念(nian),終(zhong)于打敗了(le)兇惡的(de)(de)(de)侵(qin)略者、贏(ying)得了(le)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)最后勝(sheng)利,創造了(le)人類(lei)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)史上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)奇跡(ji)。
他指出,近代以來(lai),一切為中(zhong)華(hua)民族(zu)(zu)獨立(li)和解放而犧牲的人們(men),一切為中(zhong)華(hua)民族(zu)(zu)擺脫外來(lai)殖民統治和侵略(lve)而英勇斗(dou)爭(zheng)的人們(men),一切為中(zhong)華(hua)民族(zu)(zu)掌握自己命運、開創國家(jia)發展(zhan)新(xin)路的人們(men),都是民族(zu)(zu)英雄,都是國家(jia)榮光。中(zhong)國人民將永(yong)遠銘(ming)記他們(men)建立(li)的不朽功勛。
黨史回(hui)眸
1945年
9月2日(ri)(ri)(ri) 日(ri)(ri)(ri)本代表(biao)在(zai)(zai)投(tou)(tou)降書上簽字。侵(qin)華日(ri)(ri)(ri)軍(jun)128萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)向中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)投(tou)(tou)降。至此,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)勝(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)利(li)結(jie)束(shu),世界反法西斯戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)也勝(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)利(li)結(jie)束(shu)。9月3日(ri)(ri)(ri)成為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)勝(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)利(li)紀念日(ri)(ri)(ri)。10月25日(ri)(ri)(ri),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)政(zheng)(zheng)府在(zai)(zai)臺(tai)灣舉行受降儀式。被日(ri)(ri)(ri)本占(zhan)領(ling)50年之久的(de)(de)(de)(de)臺(tai)灣以(yi)及(ji)澎湖列島,重(zhong)(zhong)歸(gui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)主(zhu)(zhu)權(quan)管轄之下。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)是(shi)(shi)近代以(yi)來中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)反抗(kang)(kang)外敵(di)入侵(qin)持續(xu)時間(jian)最(zui)長、規模最(zui)大(da)、犧牲(sheng)最(zui)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)族(zu)解放斗(dou)爭(zheng)(zheng),也是(shi)(shi)第一次取(qu)得(de)完(wan)(wan)全勝(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)族(zu)解放斗(dou)爭(zheng)(zheng)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勝(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)利(li),成為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)(min)族(zu)走(zou)向復興的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史轉折(zhe)點,也對世界文明進步(bu)具有重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)而深遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)意義。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)在(zai)(zai)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)付出(chu)了(le)巨(ju)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)族(zu)犧牲(sheng)。據不(bu)完(wan)(wan)全統計,戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)期間(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)軍(jun)民(min)(min)傷亡3500多(duo)萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)(ren);按1937年的(de)(de)(de)(de)比值折(zhe)算,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)直接(jie)經(jing)濟損失1000多(duo)億美元,間(jian)接(jie)經(jing)濟損失5000多(duo)億美元。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)產黨(dang)在(zai)(zai)全民(min)(min)族(zu)抗(kang)(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發揮了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)流砥柱作用。這(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)取(qu)得(de)完(wan)(wan)全勝(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)決定性因素。八路軍(jun)、新四軍(jun)和其他人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)武裝對敵(di)作戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)12.5萬(wan)余次,鉗制和殲滅(mie)日(ri)(ri)(ri)軍(jun)大(da)量兵力,殲滅(mie)大(da)部分偽軍(jun),敵(di)后戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)場(chang)逐漸成為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)場(chang)。到(dao)(dao)抗(kang)(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)結(jie)束(shu)時,人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)軍(jun)隊(dui)發展到(dao)(dao)約132萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)(ren),民(min)(min)兵發展到(dao)(dao)260余萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)(ren);中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)產黨(dang)領(ling)導的(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)根(gen)據地即解放區已有19塊,面(mian)積達(da)到(dao)(dao)近100萬(wan)平方公里,人(ren)(ren)(ren)口近1億。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)產黨(dang)在(zai)(zai)全國(guo)(guo)社(she)會政(zheng)(zheng)治生(sheng)活(huo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)(suo)占(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)比重(zhong)(zhong),和抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)前相比大(da)大(da)增加。這(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)在(zai)(zai)取(qu)得(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)偉(wei)大(da)勝(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)利(li)基礎上,最(zui)終(zhong)取(qu)得(de)新民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)主(zhu)(zhu)義革命(ming)勝(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)利(li),創造了(le)前所(suo)(suo)未(wei)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)有利(li)條(tiao)件。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)在(zai)(zai)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壯(zhuang)闊進程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)孕育(yu)出(chu)偉(wei)大(da)抗(kang)(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)精神,向世界展示了(le)天下興亡、匹夫(fu)有責的(de)(de)(de)(de)愛(ai)國(guo)(guo)情懷(huai),視死如歸(gui)、寧死不(bu)屈的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)族(zu)氣節(jie),不(bu)畏強暴、血戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)(dao)底的(de)(de)(de)(de)英雄(xiong)氣概,百折(zhe)不(bu)撓、堅忍不(bu)拔的(de)(de)(de)(de)必勝(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)信念。
1958年
9月(yue)2日 中國(guo)第一座電視臺(tai)——北(bei)京電視臺(tai)正(zheng)式開播。1978年5月(yue)1日改(gai)稱中央(yang)電視臺(tai)。
1980年
9月(yue)2日 國(guo)務(wu)院批(pi)轉國(guo)家(jia)經委《關于擴大(da)企(qi)業(ye)自主(zhu)權試點工作情(qing)況和今后意見的(de)報告》,要求從(cong)1981年起把擴大(da)企(qi)業(ye)自主(zhu)權的(de)工作在國(guo)營工業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)中全面推開。
1997年
9月2日 國(guo)務院發出《關于在全國(guo)建立城市居民(min)最低(di)生(sheng)活保障制度的通知》。
歷史瞬間
1950年9月,中(zhong)國(guo)人民(min)解放(fang)軍裝甲兵(bing)領導機構在北京成立。圖為坦克部(bu)隊陣容。
來源:共產黨員微信公眾號