重要(yao)論述
1936年4月25日
中共中央(yang)發布《為(wei)(wei)創立全國(guo)(guo)各(ge)黨(dang)(dang)各(ge)派的抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)人(ren)民(min)陣線(xian)宣言(yan)》,首次公開把(ba)國(guo)(guo)民(min)黨(dang)(dang)列為(wei)(wei)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)民(min)族統一戰線(xian)的對象。宣言(yan)表示(shi):在全中國(guo)(guo)亡國(guo)(guo)滅種的緊急關頭,中國(guo)(guo)共產黨(dang)(dang)中央(yang)委(wei)員會特(te)向(xiang)全中國(guo)(guo)各(ge)黨(dang)(dang)各(ge)派鄭重宣言(yan):不(bu)管我們(men)相(xiang)互(hu)間有(you)著怎樣不(bu)相(xiang)同(tong)的主張與信(xin)仰(yang),不(bu)管我們(men)相(xiang)互(hu)間過去有(you)著怎樣的沖突與斗爭,然(ran)而我們(men)都(dou)是大中華民(min)族的子孫(sun),我們(men)都(dou)是中國(guo)(guo)人(ren),抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)救國(guo)(guo)是我們(men)的共同(tong)要求。為(wei)(wei)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)救國(guo)(guo)而大家聯合(he)起(qi)來,為(wei)(wei)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)救國(guo)(guo)而共赴國(guo)(guo)難,是所有(you)我們(men)中國(guo)(guo)人(ren)的神圣的義(yi)務(wu)!宣言(yan)還提出了五個條件作為(wei)(wei)共同(tong)行動的綱(gang)領。
1945年4月(yue)25日(ri)
朱德在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)共七大(da)上作(zuo)(zuo)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)報(bao)告(gao)(gao)。報(bao)告(gao)(gao)分(fen)抗(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)八年(nian),論解(jie)放區(qu)(qu)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)場,中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)抗(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)路線,今(jin)后的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)任務和結(jie)(jie)(jie)束語(yu)五(wu)個(ge)部分(fen)。報(bao)告(gao)(gao)系統地(di)總(zong)結(jie)(jie)(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共產黨領(ling)導(dao)武(wu)裝(zhuang)斗(dou)(dou)爭(zheng)、特別是抗(kang)日戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)經驗,論述解(jie)放區(qu)(qu)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)場創(chuang)造、發展、壯大(da)的(de)(de)(de)歷程,分(fen)析抗(kang)日戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)黨單純防御的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)路線和共產黨的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)路線,并(bing)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)建軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)原(yuan)則、兵(bing)(bing)役制度、養兵(bing)(bing)、帶(dai)兵(bing)(bing)、練兵(bing)(bing)、用兵(bing)(bing)、政(zheng)治工作(zuo)(zuo)、軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)隊(dui)(dui)指揮等方面,闡述人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)路線和戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)術,還(huan)指明今(jin)后的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)任務。報(bao)告(gao)(gao)指出(chu):從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)全民(min)總(zong)動員、團(tuan)結(jie)(jie)(jie)一(yi)切抗(kang)日力量、積極打擊日寇(kou)出(chu)發,從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)團(tuan)結(jie)(jie)(jie)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)民(min)、團(tuan)結(jie)(jie)(jie)官兵(bing)(bing)出(chu)發,從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)團(tuan)結(jie)(jie)(jie)一(yi)切友軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)出(chu)發,從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)積極打擊敵(di)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)增強自(zi)(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)術出(chu)發,這(zhe)(zhe)樣就構成了(le)一(yi)條中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)的(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)日的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)路線,這(zhe)(zhe)是解(jie)放區(qu)(qu)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)場獲(huo)得勝利的(de)(de)(de)關鍵。黨領(ling)導(dao)的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)隊(dui)(dui),是人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)的(de)(de)(de)子弟(di)兵(bing)(bing),它來自(zi)(zi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min),緊(jin)緊(jin)地(di)和中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)站在(zai)一(yi)起(qi)(qi),全心全意(yi)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)服務。就是這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)隊(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)(de)唯(wei)一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)宗旨。報(bao)告(gao)(gao)提出(chu):今(jin)后的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)任務是,八路軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、新四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)和一(yi)切抗(kang)日友軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)團(tuan)結(jie)(jie)(jie)起(qi)(qi)來,打敗日本侵略(lve)者,要準備實行從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)抗(kang)日游擊戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)到抗(kang)日正(zheng)規戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)轉變。現在(zai)已臨到在(zai)實際工作(zuo)(zuo)上逐(zhu)漸地(di)去準備實現的(de)(de)(de)時機了(le)。我(wo)們全軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)干部必須善于在(zai)思想上、工作(zuo)(zuo)上準備實行這(zhe)(zhe)種轉變,以(yi)迎接這(zhe)(zhe)抗(kang)日大(da)反(fan)攻的(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗(dou)(dou)。這(zhe)(zhe)篇報(bao)告(gao)(gao)以(yi)《論解(jie)放區(qu)(qu)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)場》為(wei)題,收入(ru)《朱德選集》。
1949年(nian)4月(yue)25日
中國人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)軍(jun)事(shi)委(wei)員(yuan)會主席毛(mao)澤東(dong)(dong)、中國人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)解(jie)放軍(jun)總司令(ling)朱德(de)頒布《中國人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)解(jie)放軍(jun)布告》,宣布約法八章(zhang):(一(yi))保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)全體(ti)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)的(de)生命(ming)(ming)(ming)財產;(二)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)民(min)(min)(min)族工(gong)商農(nong)(nong)牧業,凡屬(shu)私人(ren)(ren)經(jing)營的(de)工(gong)廠、商店、銀行、倉(cang)庫、船舶、碼頭(tou)、農(nong)(nong)場、牧場等,一(yi)律(lv)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),不(bu)(bu)受(shou)侵犯(fan);(三)沒收官僚資(zi)本;(四)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)一(yi)切(qie)公(gong)私學校、醫院、文化(hua)教育機關(guan)、體(ti)育場所(suo)和其他一(yi)切(qie)公(gong)益(yi)事(shi)業;(五)除(chu)怙惡(e)不(bu)(bu)悛的(de)戰爭罪犯(fan)及罪大惡(e)極的(de)反革(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)分子外(wai),所(suo)有國民(min)(min)(min)黨政府(fu)大小官員(yuan),凡不(bu)(bu)持槍(qiang)抵抗、不(bu)(bu)陰(yin)謀(mou)破壞者(zhe),一(yi)律(lv)不(bu)(bu)加(jia)俘(fu)虜,不(bu)(bu)加(jia)逮捕,不(bu)(bu)加(jia)侮辱;(六)一(yi)切(qie)散兵游勇,均應向當地人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)解(jie)放軍(jun)或人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)政府(fu)投誠報到;(七(qi))有準備有步驟(zou)地廢除(chu)農(nong)(nong)村的(de)封建土地所(suo)有制;(八)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)外(wai)國僑民(min)(min)(min)生命(ming)(ming)(ming)財產的(de)安全。這篇(pian)布告收入《毛(mao)澤東(dong)(dong)選(xuan)集》第四卷。
1956年4月25日(ri)
毛澤東(dong)在有(you)(you)(you)(you)省市區黨(dang)委書記(ji)參加(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中共(gong)中央政(zheng)治(zhi)局擴大(da)(da)(da)會(hui)(hui)(hui)議上(shang)發(fa)表《論十(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)關系(xi)(xi)》講(jiang)(jiang)話(hua)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)篇講(jiang)(jiang)話(hua),以(yi)(yi)蘇聯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)驗(yan)為(wei)鑒戒,初步總結了(le)(le)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)革命(ming)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)驗(yan),提出了(le)(le)調(diao)動(dong)一(yi)(yi)切(qie)積(ji)(ji)極(ji)因素(su),為(wei)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)事業(ye)(ye)服務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本方(fang)針。講(jiang)(jiang)話(hua)論述了(le)(le)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)革命(ming)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)關系(xi)(xi)。(一(yi)(yi))重(zhong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)輕工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)、農業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)(xi)。重(zhong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)點(dian)。但是(shi)(shi)決不可(ke)以(yi)(yi)因此(ci)忽視(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活資料尤其是(shi)(shi)糧(liang)食的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)。(二)沿海工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)內(nei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)(xi)。沿海的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)必(bi)(bi)須(xu)充分(fen)(fen)利用,但是(shi)(shi),為(wei)了(le)(le)平衡(heng)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)布(bu)局,內(nei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)必(bi)(bi)須(xu)大(da)(da)(da)力發(fa)展(zhan)。好(hao)(hao)好(hao)(hao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)利用沿海和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)沿海的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)老底(di)子(zi),可(ke)以(yi)(yi)使(shi)我(wo)(wo)們(men)更(geng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)力量來(lai)(lai)發(fa)展(zhan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)支持內(nei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)。(三)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)防建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)(xi)。國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)防不可(ke)不有(you)(you)(you)(you)。可(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法(fa)就是(shi)(shi)把軍政(zheng)費用降到一(yi)(yi)個(ge)適(shi)當的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)例,增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)費用。只(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)發(fa)展(zhan)得更(geng)快(kuai)了(le)(le),國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)防建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)才有(you)(you)(you)(you)更(geng)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進步。(四)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)單(dan)位(wei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)者(zhe)個(ge)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)(xi)。必(bi)(bi)須(xu)兼顧國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)、集體(ti)、個(ge)人三個(ge)方(fang)面,不能(neng)只(zhi)(zhi)顧一(yi)(yi)頭。隨著國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan),工(gong)(gong)資也(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)適(shi)當調(diao)整。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)給工(gong)(gong)廠一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獨立性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)權益。必(bi)(bi)須(xu)更(geng)多(duo)(duo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)注意處(chu)理(li)好(hao)(hao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)同農民(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)(xi)。必(bi)(bi)須(xu)在增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)農業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上(shang),爭取百分(fen)(fen)之九(jiu)十(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收入比(bi)前一(yi)(yi)年有(you)(you)(you)(you)所增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)。(五(wu))中央和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)(xi)。應當在鞏固(gu)中央統一(yi)(yi)領導的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前提下,擴大(da)(da)(da)一(yi)(yi)點(dian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)權力,給地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)更(geng)多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獨立性(xing)(xing)(xing),讓地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)辦更(geng)多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事情(qing)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)中央與(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)兩個(ge)積(ji)(ji)極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing),比(bi)只(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)積(ji)(ji)極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)好(hao)(hao)得多(duo)(duo)。(六(liu))漢(han)族和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)少(shao)數民(min)族的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)(xi)。我(wo)(wo)們(men)著重(zhong)反(fan)(fan)對(dui)大(da)(da)(da)漢(han)族主(zhu)義(yi),地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)民(min)族主(zhu)義(yi)也(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)反(fan)(fan)對(dui)。我(wo)(wo)們(men)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)誠心誠意地(di)(di)(di)(di)積(ji)(ji)極(ji)幫(bang)助(zhu)少(shao)數民(min)族發(fa)展(zhan)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)文(wen)化建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。(七)黨(dang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)非黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)(xi)。究竟(jing)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)黨(dang)好(hao)(hao),還(huan)是(shi)(shi)幾(ji)個(ge)黨(dang)好(hao)(hao)?現在看來(lai)(lai),恐怕是(shi)(shi)幾(ji)個(ge)黨(dang)好(hao)(hao)。不但過去如此(ci),而且將來(lai)(lai)也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)如此(ci),就是(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)期共(gong)存,互相監督。(八(ba))革命(ming)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)反(fan)(fan)革命(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)(xi)。應當肯(ken)定,還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)反(fan)(fan)革命(ming),但是(shi)(shi)已經(jing)大(da)(da)(da)為(wei)減(jian)少(shao)。只(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)世(shi)界上(shang)還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)階級斗(dou)爭,就永遠不可(ke)以(yi)(yi)放松(song)警惕。但是(shi)(shi),說現在還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)很多(duo)(duo)反(fan)(fan)革命(ming),也(ye)是(shi)(shi)不對(dui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。今后社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鎮(zhen)反(fan)(fan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)少(shao)捉少(shao)殺。(九(jiu))是(shi)(shi)非關系(xi)(xi)。黨(dang)內(nei)黨(dang)外都(dou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)分(fen)(fen)清是(shi)(shi)非。對(dui)于(yu)犯了(le)(le)錯誤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同志,一(yi)(yi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)看,二要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)幫(bang),采取“懲前毖后,治(zhi)病救人”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)針。(十(shi)(shi))中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)外國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)(xi)。我(wo)(wo)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)針是(shi)(shi),一(yi)(yi)切(qie)民(min)族、一(yi)(yi)切(qie)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)處(chu)都(dou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)學(xue)(xue),政(zheng)治(zhi)、經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)、科學(xue)(xue)、技術、文(wen)學(xue)(xue)、藝術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)切(qie)真正好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)西(xi)都(dou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)學(xue)(xue)。但是(shi)(shi),必(bi)(bi)須(xu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)分(fen)(fen)析有(you)(you)(you)(you)批判(pan)(pan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)學(xue)(xue),不能(neng)盲目地(di)(di)(di)(di)學(xue)(xue),不能(neng)一(yi)(yi)切(qie)照抄,機械搬用。外國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)資產(chan)(chan)階級的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)切(qie)腐敗(bai)制度和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)思想作風,我(wo)(wo)們(men)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)堅決抵制和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)批判(pan)(pan)。但是(shi)(shi),這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)并(bing)不妨(fang)礙我(wo)(wo)們(men)去學(xue)(xue)習(xi)資本主(zhu)義(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)先進的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科學(xue)(xue)技術和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)企業(ye)(ye)管(guan)理(li)方(fang)法(fa)中合乎(hu)科學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)面。講(jiang)(jiang)話(hua)強調(diao):這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)十(shi)(shi)種關系(xi)(xi),都(dou)是(shi)(shi)矛盾。我(wo)(wo)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任務(wu),是(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)正確處(chu)理(li)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些矛盾。我(wo)(wo)們(men)一(yi)(yi)定要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)努力把黨(dang)內(nei)黨(dang)外、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)切(qie)積(ji)(ji)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因素(su),直(zhi)接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、間接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)(ji)極(ji)因素(su),全部調(diao)動(dong)起來(lai)(lai),把我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)成為(wei)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)強大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)。《論十(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)關系(xi)(xi)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)表,是(shi)(shi)毛澤東(dong)探索中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)道路取得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)理(li)論成果。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)篇講(jiang)(jiang)話(hua)收入《毛澤東(dong)文(wen)集》第七卷(juan)。
1999年4月25日(ri)
江澤(ze)民(min)致信(xin)(xin)北京師(shi)范大學白壽彝教(jiao)授,祝賀《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)通(tong)史(shi)(shi)(shi)》全部(bu)出(chu)版。信(xin)(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)說:中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)族歷(li)(li)(li)來(lai)重視治(zhi)史(shi)(shi)(shi)。世(shi)界幾大古(gu)代(dai)文明,只有(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華文明沒有(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)斷地延續下來(lai),這(zhe)(zhe)同我(wo)(wo)(wo)們這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)民(min)族始終注(zhu)重治(zhi)史(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)著直(zhi)接的(de)(de)(de)(de)關系。幾千年來(lai),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華文明得以(yi)不(bu)斷傳承(cheng)和(he)(he)(he)光大,一個(ge)重要原因(yin)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)先(xian)人(ren)(ren)懂得從總(zong)(zong)結歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)斷開拓(tuo)前(qian)進(jin)(jin)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi),浩淼博大,蘊含著豐(feng)富(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)治(zhi)國(guo)(guo)安邦的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)經驗(yan),也記(ji)載了先(xian)人(ren)(ren)們在追求社會進(jin)(jin)步(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)遭(zao)遇的(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)種(zhong)曲折和(he)(he)(he)苦痛(tong)。對這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)寶庫,我(wo)(wo)(wo)們應該(gai)運(yun)用歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)唯物主義的(de)(de)(de)(de)觀(guan)點不(bu)斷加以(yi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)掘,在前(qian)人(ren)(ren)研究(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)不(bu)斷作(zuo)出(chu)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)(zong)結。這(zhe)(zhe)對我(wo)(wo)(wo)們推進(jin)(jin)今天祖國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建設事(shi)業,更好地邁向未(wei)來(lai),具有(you)重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)義。我(wo)(wo)(wo)一直(zhi)強(qiang)調(diao),黨和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)各級(ji)領導干(gan)部(bu)要注(zhu)重學習中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi),高級(ji)干(gan)部(bu)尤其要帶頭(tou)這(zhe)(zhe)樣做。領導干(gan)部(bu)應該(gai)讀(du)一讀(du)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)通(tong)史(shi)(shi)(shi)。這(zhe)(zhe)對于大家弄清楚我(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本脈絡和(he)(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)族的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展歷(li)(li)(li)程,增(zeng)強(qiang)民(min)族自尊心、自信(xin)(xin)心和(he)(he)(he)奮發(fa)(fa)(fa)圖強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)神,增(zeng)強(qiang)唯物史(shi)(shi)(shi)觀(guan),豐(feng)富(fu)(fu)治(zhi)國(guo)(guo)經驗(yan),都是(shi)很有(you)好處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。同時,我(wo)(wo)(wo)們也要學習和(he)(he)(he)借鑒(jian)外國(guo)(guo)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)。歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)豐(feng)富(fu)(fu)了,能夠“寂然凝慮,思(si)接千載”,眼(yan)界和(he)(he)(he)胸襟就(jiu)(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)大為開闊,精(jing)神境界就(jiu)(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)大為提(ti)高。我(wo)(wo)(wo)提(ti)倡領導干(gan)部(bu)講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)學習、講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)政治(zhi)、講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)正(zheng)氣,而講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)政治(zhi)、講(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)正(zheng)氣,也是(shi)要以(yi)豐(feng)富(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi)作(zuo)基(ji)礎(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。
2016年4月25日
習近平在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)座談會(hui)(hui)上(shang)強調,中國(guo)要(yao)強農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業必(bi)(bi)須強,中國(guo)要(yao)美農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)必(bi)(bi)須美,中國(guo)要(yao)富農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)必(bi)(bi)須富。要(yao)堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)把(ba)解決(jue)好“三(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”問題作(zuo)(zuo)為全(quan)(quan)黨工作(zuo)(zuo)重(zhong)(zhong)中之重(zhong)(zhong),加大(da)(da)推(tui)進新(xin)形勢下(xia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)力度(du),加強城鄉統籌,全(quan)(quan)面(mian)落(luo)實強農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)惠農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)富農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)政策(ce),促(cu)進農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業基礎穩(wen)(wen)固(gu)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)和諧穩(wen)(wen)定、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)安居樂業。他指出,改(gai)革(ge)(ge)開放(fang)以(yi)來農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)偉大(da)(da)實踐(jian)(jian),推(tui)動我國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業生產、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)生活、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)面(mian)貌(mao)發(fa)生了(le)巨大(da)(da)變(bian)化(hua)(hua),為我國(guo)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)開放(fang)和社會(hui)(hui)主義現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)建設作(zuo)(zuo)出了(le)重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)貢獻。這些巨大(da)(da)變(bian)化(hua)(hua),使廣大(da)(da)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)看到(dao)了(le)走向富裕(yu)的(de)(de)光明前(qian)景,堅(jian)定了(le)跟(gen)著我們(men)黨走中國(guo)特色社會(hui)(hui)主義道路的(de)(de)信心。對農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)成功(gong)實踐(jian)(jian)和經(jing)驗,要(yao)長期堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)、不(bu)斷完善。他強調,當前(qian),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業還(huan)是現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)建設的(de)(de)短腿,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)還(huan)是全(quan)(quan)面(mian)建成小康社會(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)短板。全(quan)(quan)黨必(bi)(bi)須始終高度(du)重(zhong)(zhong)視農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)問題,把(ba)“三(san)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”工作(zuo)(zuo)牢牢抓住、緊緊抓好,不(bu)斷抓出新(xin)的(de)(de)成效。解決(jue)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)發(fa)展(zhan)面(mian)臨(lin)的(de)(de)各種矛(mao)盾和問題,根本靠深(shen)化(hua)(hua)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)。新(xin)形勢下(xia)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)改(gai)革(ge)(ge),主線仍然是處理好農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)和土地(di)的(de)(de)關系(xi)。最大(da)(da)的(de)(de)政策(ce),就是必(bi)(bi)須堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)和完善農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)基本經(jing)營制度(du),堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)土地(di)集體所有,堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)家庭經(jing)營基礎性地(di)位,堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)穩(wen)(wen)定土地(di)承(cheng)包(bao)關系(xi)。要(yao)抓緊落(luo)實土地(di)承(cheng)包(bao)經(jing)營權登(deng)記制度(du),真正讓農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)吃(chi)上(shang)“定心丸”。
黨史回眸(mou)
1945年
4月25日-6月26日 聯合國(guo)制(zhi)憲(xian)(xian)會(hui)議在(zai)舊金(jin)山召開。6月26日,通(tong)過聯合國(guo)憲(xian)(xian)章(zhang)。包括中(zhong)共代(dai)表(biao)(biao)董(dong)必武在(zai)內的中(zhong)國(guo)代(dai)表(biao)(biao)團參加了會(hui)議,并在(zai)憲(xian)(xian)章(zhang)上簽字(zi)。
1956年
4月25日(ri) 毛澤(ze)東在中(zhong)共中(zhong)央政(zheng)治局擴大會(hui)議上作《論十大關系》報告。報告強調(diao)要調(diao)動國內外(wai)一切積極因(yin)素,為建設強大的社會(hui)主(zhu)義國家而奮斗,并初步(bu)總結我國社會(hui)主(zhu)義建設經(jing)驗(yan),提(ti)出探索適合中(zhong)國情況(kuang)的建設社會(hui)主(zhu)義道(dao)路的任務。報告還提(ti)出共產黨和民(min)主(zhu)黨派“長期共存,互相監督”的方針。
1957年(nian)
4月25日 第(di)一(yi)屆中(zhong)國出口(kou)商品(pin)交(jiao)易(yi)會在廣(guang)州(zhou)舉(ju)行(簡稱(cheng)“廣(guang)交(jiao)會”)。此后,每年在廣(guang)州(zhou)舉(ju)辦春(chun)、秋季兩次出口(kou)商品(pin)交(jiao)易(yi)會。自2007年起改稱(cheng)中(zhong)國進(jin)出口(kou)商品(pin)交(jiao)易(yi)會。
2015年(nian)
4月(yue)25日(ri) 中共(gong)中央(yang)、國務(wu)院印發《關于加快(kuai)推進生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明建設的(de)意見》。9月(yue)18日(ri),中共(gong)中央(yang)、國務(wu)院印發《生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明體(ti)制(zhi)改(gai)革總體(ti)方案(an)》,明確了生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明體(ti)制(zhi)改(gai)革的(de)“四梁八柱”。
2016年
4月25日 習近平在安徽鳳陽(yang)縣小崗村(cun)主持召(zhao)開農村(cun)改(gai)革(ge)座談會時指(zhi)出,新形勢下深化農村(cun)改(gai)革(ge),主線仍然是(shi)處理好農民(min)和土(tu)地的(de)(de)關系。最大(da)的(de)(de)政策,就是(shi)必(bi)須(xu)堅持和完善農村(cun)基本經(jing)(jing)營制度,堅持農村(cun)土(tu)地集體所有,堅持家(jia)庭經(jing)(jing)營基礎性(xing)地位,堅持穩(wen)定(ding)土(tu)地承包(bao)關系。
1945年4月25日,朱德在中國共產(chan)黨第七次全國代(dai)表大會上作題為《論解放(fang)區(qu)戰場》的軍事報(bao)告。
來源:共產黨員微信公眾號(hao)